Enamel

Enamel,monga chokongoletsera cha nthawi yayitali komanso chitetezo, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafakitale komanso moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.Siwokongola komanso wokhazikika, komanso ali ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri.Kuchokera pamalingaliro opanga mafakitale, kupanga mapangidwe a enamel ndi njira yovuta yomwe imaphatikizapo sayansi ya zipangizo, uinjiniya wamankhwala, ndi ukadaulo wokonza bwino, womwe umaphatikizapo kusankha kwazinthu zopangira, kukonzekera, zokutira, ndi kuwombera.

1. Tanthauzo ndi kapangidwe ka enamel

Enamel ndi chinthu chophatikizika chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kusungunula magalasi osakhazikika pazitsulo zachitsulo ndikuziyika pa kutentha kwambiri.Zigawo zazikuluzikulu zimaphatikizapo glaze (silicate, borate, etc.), colorants, fluxes, ndi reinforcing agents.Pakati pawo, glaze ndi maziko opangira enamel wosanjikiza, omwe amatsimikizira kuti thupi ndi mankhwala a enamel;Zojambulajambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusakaniza mitundu;Flux imathandizira kutuluka kwa glaze panthawi yowombera, kuwonetsetsa kuti pakhale glaze yosalala;Zowonjezera zimawonjezera mphamvu zamakina ndi kumamatira kwa zokutira.

2. Kukonzekera kwa zipangizo

Gawo loyamba pakupanga enamel ndikusankha ndikuwongolera zinthu zopangira.Gawo lachitsulo nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi chitsulo, chitsulo, aluminiyamu, ndi zina zotero, ndipo zinthu zoyenera ndi makulidwe ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za ntchito.Kukonzekera kwa glaze kumaphatikizapo kusakaniza zopangira zosiyanasiyana molingana, kuzipera ku mlingo wina wa fineness, kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zikhale zofanana ndi zomaliza.Pakadali pano, kuyezetsa kozama kwazinthu zopangira kumafunikira kuti kuwonetsetse kuti palibe zonyansa, kuti zisakhudze mtundu ndi magwiridwe antchito a wosanjikiza wa enamel.

3. Chithandizo chapamwamba

Musanakutidwe, gawo lapansi lachitsulo liyenera kutsukidwa ndikuthiridwa pamwamba kuti muchotse mafuta, khungu la oxide, ndi zoipitsa zina.Njira zodziwika bwino ndi monga kuchotsera mafuta, kutsuka asidi, phosphating, ndi zina zotero. Gawoli ndilofunika kwambiri kuti pakhale mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa wosanjikiza wa enamel ndi gawo lapansi lachitsulo.

4. Enamelling ndondomeko

Njira yokutira ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: njira youma ndi njira yonyowa.Njira zowuma zimaphatikizirapo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kumiza kwa bedi komwe kuli koyenera kupanga makina akuluakulu, kumatha kuwongolera makulidwe a ❖ kuyanika, komanso kusamala zachilengedwe.Njira yonyowa imaphatikizapo zokutira zopukutira, zokutira, ndi zokutira zopopera, zomwe zimakhala zoyenera kwambiri pamawonekedwe ovuta komanso kupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, koma timakonda kuwononga chilengedwe komanso zovuta zokutira zosagwirizana.

5. Kuwotcha

Chovala chophimbidwa chiyenera kutenthedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu, chomwe ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe apamwamba a enamel.Kutentha kwa moto nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 800 ° C ndi 900 ° C, kutengera mtundu wa glaze ndi mtundu wa gawo lapansi.Panthawi yowombera, glaze imasungunuka ndipo mofanana imaphimba pamwamba pazitsulo.Pambuyo kuzirala, imapanga wosanjikiza wolimba komanso wosalala wa enamel.Njirayi imafunikanso kuwongolera kwambiri kutentha kwa kutentha, nthawi yotsekera, komanso kuzizira kuti zisachitike zolakwika monga ming'alu ndi thovu.

6. Kuyang'ana kwaubwino ndi kukonza pambuyo pake

Pambuyo powombera, zinthu za enamel ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa, kuphatikizapo kuyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe, kuyesa kukana kwa dzimbiri, kuyesa mphamvu zamakina, ndi zina zotero.Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera zomwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito, njira zina monga kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyika zingafunike.

7. Munda wofunsira

Enamel yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo angapo chifukwa chakuchita bwino.M'makampani opanga zida zapanyumba, monga uvuni, makina ochapira, zotenthetsera madzi, ndi zina zotero, chotengera cha enamel sichimangosangalatsa komanso chosavuta kuyeretsa, komanso chimalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso dzimbiri.Muzokongoletsera zomangamanga, mbale zachitsulo za enamel zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makoma akunja, tunnel, masiteshoni apansi panthaka, etc. chifukwa cha mitundu yawo yolemera komanso kukana kwanyengo.Kuphatikiza apo, zida zamankhwala, zida zamankhwala ndi magawo ena zimagwiritsanso ntchito kwambiri zinthu za enamel, kutengera mwayi wokhala ndi kukhazikika kwawo kwamankhwala komanso mawonekedwe osavuta opha tizilombo.

Mapeto

Zonsezi, kupanga makampani a enamel ndi njira yovuta yomwe imagwirizanitsa njira zachikhalidwe ndi zamakono zamakono.Zogulitsa zake zomalizidwa sizimangowonetsa kuphatikiza koyenera kwa zokometsera komanso zowoneka bwino, komanso zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi yakuthupi ndiukadaulo wopanga.Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo, zinthu za enamel zikupita kumalo okonda zachilengedwe, kothandiza, komanso kogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri, kumakwaniritsa zosowa za magawo osiyanasiyana.

Mafunso aliwonse okhudza Casting, Forging kapena Machining, chonde omasuka kulumikizana nafe nthawi iliyonse.

Annie Wong:  welongwq@welongpost.com

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